Want to compare with the national "name"

Benxi Shijie, in the history of two flowers: once into the palace, turned into a pine flower sarcophagus, for a period of time with the end of the 砚, 歙砚 歙砚 并 并 并 并 并 并 并 并 并 并 并 并 并 并 并 并 并 并 并 并 并 并 并 并 并 并 并 并 并 并 并 并It is famous for suffering. With special experience, excellent materials and unique colors, it has entered the 5,000-year history of Fujian and Taiwan with a short experience of only 300 years, and is unique in China's Yulin.

When we talk about Chinese culture, we can't do without Chinese characters. When we talk about Chinese characters, we can't do without the four treasures of the house: pen and ink. The first of the four treasures of the genus is the writing instrument. Some people say that without blasphemy, there will be no history of China’s five thousand years of civilization. There is a Japanese saying that is more representative: "From every downfall, you can experience China's long history and culture."

Indeed, the history of Fujian and Taiwan is accompanied by the history of Chinese civilization. In 1980, Chinese archaeologists excavated a set of painting tools in the remains of Jiangzhai in Linyi, Shaanxi Province. Among them, there was a stone sarcophagus with a stone cover on it, a stone cover, and a stone grinding rod in the crater. The remains of Jiangzhai belong to a matriarchal clan village in the early days of Yangshao culture. This discovery pushed the history of Fujian and Taiwan to the fifth year. It can be seen that Fujian and Taiwan developed with the development of Chinese culture.

In 1978, a complete box of urns was unearthed in the No. 11 Han Tomb near Jinque Mountain in the southeast corner of Linyi City, Shandong Province. This set of painted boxes includes three parts: meteorite, stone and box. The meteorite is a carefully processed rectangular slab with a length of 16 cm, a width of 6 cm and a thickness of 0.2 cm. There is still ink on the surface. This is a practical ink-injector in the Han Dynasty, which has been around for more than two thousand years.

Archaeologists also found a stone sarcophagus in the Qin Tomb of the Sleeping Tiger Land in Yunmeng County, Hubei Province. The enamel and the inkstone were all slightly processed on the original shape of the pebbles. There are traces and inks used on both the Qin and the meteorites.

Not only does it write about culture, but it also forms a unique cultural phenomenon in China.

China's Fujian and Taiwan, through the Qin and Han Dynasties, the Wei and Jin Dynasties, to the Tang and Song Dynasties, there has been a glorious period, starting with the endstones of Guangdong Duanzhou, the meteorites of Anhui Yinzhou, the Lanhe stone of Linyi, Gansu, and the red stone of Shandong Qingzhou. History. So the history book will be called "end, æ­™, æ´®, red silk ç š" collectively known as "China's four famous stone ç š", has been passed down to today, people still say this.

According to statistics, there are more than 100 species of ancient Chinese cockroaches. In addition to the four famous names that everyone knows, the famous Fujian and Taiwan also have Shandong's "Lusong"; Ningxia's "Helan"; Jiangxi's "Golden Star" and "Rib"; Jilin's "Songhua"; Sichuan's "Shaanxi"; Shanxi's "Duan Yu"; Zhejiang's "Xi'an"; Henan's "Tiantan"; Hebei's "easy water ancient" and so on.

The collapse is not only an ink-injector, it is also an integral part of the Chinese national culture. Write down this piece of Chinese history of Fujian and Taiwan, the purpose of which is to pave the way for writing the downfall of Benxi.

On October 15th, a product exhibition called “Zi Xia Tang System Culture Exhibition” was held in the city library. The Benxi people who came to the exhibition were surprised to find that the Fujian-Taiwan stone was made 300 years ago as a royal treasure by Emperor Kangxi, Yongzheng, Qianlong, or as a weapon for controlling the power. The pine flower sarcophagus made by Benxi Stone has a soaring reputation, and it has become a famous name in the world.

The visitors watched the 89-party simulation of the official Songhuahua in the exhibition hall of the Qing Dynasty Royal Songhua. The surprise was inevitable. It is well known that the Liao dynasty is based on the origin of the bridgehead. It is said that the Qingsong Songhua 砚 is also known as the Zhishi 为本 为本. History has given Benxi people a fog.

Interpretation of the pride of the royal family in Benxi Shijie

The reporter once saw a poem by Zhao Puchu's "咏松花砚" on the Internet: the color of the deceitful stone is green and the gods win the Songhua River. Seeing the sky and the sky, I will watch the Mohai Zhuangbo.

This poem, published on August 23, 2007, is quite illegible, but two points are very clear: First, the quality of Songhua is better than that of sputum, and the second is that Songhua is produced in Songhua River. Songhua carp is produced in the Songhua River, which is almost universal consciousness. In fact, it is not entirely true. The book "The End of the Story" reveals the mystery of Songhua's life experience.

The author of this book is Ruo Ruoxi, an authoritative meteorologist at the National Palace Museum in Taipei. The deputy title of this book is called "Songhua Shijie Special Exhibition". It would be interesting to read its title and deputy title alone. "埒" is the equivalent meaning, the title of the book tells you that Songhua is a Chinese name that is comparable to Duan and Yi.

The book said in the section "The History of the Development of Songhua Dendrobium": "The time when Songhua Stone was first made by the Qingsheng ancestors, may be in the 28th to the 41st year of Kangxi, that is, the Western Yuan Dynasty. Between 1689 and 1702, it was within a decade of the Kangxi dynasty. In short, in the tenth to eleven months of Kangxi's forty-one years, Gongzhong has begun to curb the Songhua. This passage tells us the time to make the Songhua sarcophagus in the Qingguan, and the second is to tell us that the initiator of the Songhua sarcophagus is Emperor Kangxi.

For the stone source of Songhuayu, the book has a story in the section "The name, origin and stone of Songhuashi": Ji Xiaolan once collected a green stone sarcophagus, and the donor considered it to be "Duanxi Greenstone", Ji Xiaotong thought It is "歙产", but an old worker named Ma said to him: "Songhuajiang new pit stone is also. Songhuajiang old pit is more colorful, the new pit does not ink, because it is late, so the appreciation of the home is unknown. The author then explained: The so-called new pit here, perhaps the production of the bridgehead stone pit, because people will be from the northeast of the meteorite, are classified as Songhua stone.

At that time, the meteorites produced in Jilin and Benxi Bridge were called Songhua Stone. It is difficult for many people to distinguish which Qingguan is the Jilin Songhua Stone System. Which one is the Benxi Bridgehead. That is to say, if the expert 嵇 昕 昕 can only be inferred from experience.

The Songhua Stones collected in the National Palace Museum in Taipei are classified into the following categories:

Green and the body has different shades of horizontal stripes;

There are yellow and green stacks;

There are purple and green folds;

Have a single purple stone person;

Have a single green stone person ;

Yan Ruojun said: The blue-violet marble in the bridgehead is similar to the box of the Songhua sarcophagus in the National Palace Museum in Taipei; the purple sarcophagus in the Songhua sarcophagus in the National Palace Museum in Taipei is from the Nanfen Bridgehead stone; the green sarcophagus should also be the bridgehead stone. .

In further analysis, he believes that the Songhua sarcophagus, which was used by the Emperor Qianlong of the Western Qing Dynasty, should be produced by Qiaotou Stone; the other yellow sarcophagus is also produced by Qiaotou Stone. She also said that most of the stone boxes of the Songhua Dendrobium in the Yongzheng Dynasty, which was hidden in the National Palace Museum in Taipei, should be made by the bridgehead stone.

The use of bridgehead stone to make pinecone is further developed. By the time of Qianlong's elbow, Jilin's green pine stone is not easy to pick, so a large number of bridgehead stones are used instead. Emperor Qianlong further made it into a screen.

For the material of the pine flower sarcophagus, after Emperor Kangxi’s life craftsman carved it, he took the ink and tried it out, and found that the ink effect was “far than the green end, that is, the old pits and the famous products could also be used.” The Emperor Qianlong also believed that the Songhua sarcophagus "The color is green, delicate and moist, and can be in the coffin. The ink is the same as the end of the creek, right in the crater." Emperor Kangxi believed that the material of Songhua Dendrobium was better than that of Duan, and the Emperor Qianlong believed that the material was not worse than Duan, but better than Yu.

As the saying goes, there is a good thing, and it will win. Whenever the Emperor rewards the Minister of Songhua Stone as a treasure, it is grateful. According to records, only in Kangxi from 41 to 57 years, a total of 81 people were rewarded, including Pearl, and Chen Tingjing. Later generations therefore commented that Songhua Dendrobium became a weapon for the emperor to control the powers.

Qing dynasty royal pine stone sarcophagus is fine and rich in color. The color of green pine stone is pure and tender, its quality is warm and delicate, and the surface of stone is brushed with silk, just like "deep pool wind plucking" "sea tide full", "fog up "Qiujiang" is very vivid; while the purple marble and yellow pine stone are colorful and the texture is strange. The two kinds of pine stone are made into enamel, the shape is changeable, the system is unique, and it is the wonder of Chinese stone sarcophagus. In addition, the special type made by the palace made the Songhua stone squat in the Kangxi, Yongzheng and Qianlong three dynasties, and it was the name of the dynasty, overshadowed all the famous names.

Interpretation of the civilian children in Benxi Shiji--a road to the development of Liaoyu, born in the folk and longer than the people

As for Liao, there is also a poem: "Kantong Mountain Liqi Baokai, blue sky and red Xia condensed stone. The craftsman crafts the carving of Liao, the real thing is the four treasures." The author of the poem is Liaodong Mingshi Bai Yongzhen. Time was in 1929. This year, Zhang Xueliang carried Liaoyu to Hangzhou.

Participating in the Expo, Liaoyi made its debut in Guanzhong.

The expert who studies the Songhua stone is explained in the "Liaoyu Duan" of the Liaoyu, which is produced in the head of Benxi Bridge. There are two places in the northeast of today: stone production, one in Jilin Tonghua City, and 1980 in Jilin Crafts Company. Once again, the production system is similar to the green pine stone that has different shades of horizontal stripes in the Forbidden City, but the color is not exactly the same. The other is in Qiaotou Town, Benxi County, Liaoning Province. The stone produced is called Qiaotou Stone.

There are many legends in the name of the people of Liao, but according to the study of the “Qingguan Royal Songhua Dendrobium and Liaoyu Source Research Group”, the history of Liaoyu is not long. It is speculated from the existing historical materials that the history of the system should be It began in the late Ming and early Qing dynasties, about 370-380 years ago. The stone used in the Liao Dynasty is the blue-purple marble, and the purple marble (commonly known as the line stone) is a layer of a green stone in the purple stone. In the traditional one, there are four lines in the stone, the purple is the base, and the green is the decoration. Bluestone is better with egg blue stone, the stone is fresh and the color is pleasant. At the end of the Qing Dynasty, there were many antiques in Qingshi, and the amount of purple stone increased after the Republic of China.

The artistic style of Liaoyi is rough and simple, with local characteristics. The theme of its carvings is taken from the folk festive concept, with flowers, birds, fruits and vegetables, and beasts. Such as 鹊 登 登 梅 鲤 鲤 鲤 鲤 鲤 鲤 鲤 鲤 鲤 鲤 鲤 鲤 鲤 鲤 鲤 鲤 鲤 鲤 鲤 鲤 鲤 鲤 鲤 鲤 鲤 鲤 鲤 鲤 鲤 鲤 鲤 鲤 鲤 鲤 鲤 鲤 鲤 鲤 鲤 鲤; At the end of the Qing Dynasty and the beginning of the Republic of China, the antique stone of Qingshi was decorated with bronze ornaments. There are few inscriptions in Liao, and there are many commemorative auspicious words in the Republic of China. No matter how the shape changes, the Liao dynasty is carved into a stone. It is very different from the Qing dynasty saplings. The carvings are concentrated on the scorpion, and the sculpt is not carved.

At the end of the Qing Dynasty and the early Republic of China, Liaoyi was exported to the Philippines, Singapore, Malaysia, and Japan. In 1929, General Zhang Xueliang brought Liaoyu to China's first Hangzhou Expo, which brought the first development opportunity in history to Liaozhen. The sound of stone carvings in the entire Qiaotou town was one after another. There are more than 10 such as Mengjia, Fangjia, Yangjia and Yuanjia in Benxi's Qiaotou Stone Workshop in Liaoning Province. There are also shops opened by Japanese people, which are sold in the green of the bridge stone, the imitation of the ancient purple marble stone layer. During the Manchurian period, Pu Yi used to imitate the ancestors' practice and rewarded the ministers with the bridgeheads. At that time, the Daguan Xiangui also used the bridgehead as a gift. However, the war was still frequent, and the system of the bridgehead was severely devastated. Until the eve of liberation, the Liaoyi workshop was on the verge of bankruptcy.

After the liberation, the Liaoyu carvings were revived. Since the reform and opening up, the development of Liaoyu has entered a period of leap. The Liaoyu carving technique has been transformed from traditional bas-relief and deep relief to deep relief and hollow carving. Its scorpion shape is as large as the current stone bowls, and the corpus callosum is getting smaller and smaller, and quite a part of the sarcophagus is a pure art ornamental. Liaojing has become a famous brand of local crafts in Benxi.

Songhua sarcophagus or Liao dynasty is actually due to the Benxi Bridgehead Stone (and part of it is Jilin Songhua Stone). It is just a palace that has entered the palace. With the shape of the palace, there is a famous teacher’s carving, strong alliance. The reorganization of advantages has become a brand new name, and the reputation has become more expensive. A way to go to the folks, without a noble packaging, to keep a true, but ordinary. To use a poem to describe them, it should be "durgent makeup is appropriate", this should also be the mentality of Benxi's system makers.

It is still a long way to go to restore the "royal identity" of the Qing Dynasty stone shovel in the shoal of Benxi, and to improve the status of Benxi sarcophagus in the Chinese eucalyptus forest.

At present, there are three major varieties of Benxi sarcophagus: Qinggong saplings, Songhua sarcophagus, and Liao dynasty.

The Qing dynasty royal pine flower sarcophagus and pine flower sarcophagus have been published, which is the fruit of Zixiatang in the research and development of Benxi sarcophagus in recent years.

In order to study the history of the sarcophagus in Benxi, the CPPCC shouldered this historical responsibility, and the CPPCC established the “Qingguan Royal Songhua Dendrobium and Liaoyu Source Research Group”. The purpose of the study is to restore the proper status of Benxi Dendrobium and improve the popularity of Benxi Dendrobium in the whole country.

The research team went to Taipei to inspect the type and material of the Qing Palace Imperial Songhua Temple in the National Palace Museum in Taipei, and listened to the research experience and analysis of the origin of the experts at the National Palace Museum in Taipei. In order to obtain accurate data on the material of the Imperial Palace and the four famous Chinese clams, they conducted destructive tests at the Jilin Institute of Geology and obtained first-hand data.

The research team came to the old pit of the Songhua Dendrobium in Jilin, and found that only one layer of loose stone stone in the rock had already been mined. Later, I heard that Tonghua City, Baishan City, and Yanji City of Jilin Province still produce Songhua Stone, and I went to investigate. In order to understand the distribution of green pine stone, the research team traveled to Shishi City in Jilin Province, confirming that Jilin Songhua Dendrobium is dominated by green pine stone, and the pine flower stone from Jiangyuan City is excellent, warm and fresh. Silk is vivid, and it is the top stone in the province. The Antu Liurengou of Yanji City and the Jiangzi Carbon Ditch of Baishan City have purple stone output, but it is not a purple marble. There are few interlayers and there are not many sputum.

The artistic style of Jilin Songhua Dendrobium is basically a mixture of Liao and Red Silk, which is rough and rustic, with knife marks exposed and strong sense of force. It is a stone, and it has nothing in common with the production of Songhua Dendrobium. Although the shape of the cymbal has a stone drum shape, a gourd shape, an ellipse shape, and a rectangular shape, the number of the cymbals is still significant. Although Baishan City has a gong-making workshop, it is like the 10th Qing dynasty royal sapphire stone in the Forbidden City of Beijing. Because the stone box has no blue-purple marble and wood-grain stone, it is replaced by Changbai stone, which is far from the Qing dynasty. In order to restore the "face" of the Imperial Palace's use of the Songhua sarcophagus, Zixiatang used several years of hard work, and the 89-party Qing dynasty royal sapphire stone was finally released in Benxi. Zixiatang became the first one in China to engrave the Imperial Palace of the Qing Dynasty. At present, there is no such thing as comparable in China. The Qingguan dynasty of Zixiatang used Songhua Dendrobium, which was strictly in accordance with the Qing Dynasty system and craftsmanship, and was praised by experts at home and abroad. When the experts of the National Palace Museum in Taipei saw that they were highly imitation of the Qing Emperor, the Emperor and the Emperor of the Three Emperors, the level of their system was not below the level of the former court.

At the same time, there were a group of ordinary pine flower sarcophagus. In the "Zi Xia Tang System Culture Exhibition", people saw that the pine flower sarcophagus made mainly from the bridge head, Nanfen green pine stone and wood grain stone, the color is blue, the stone is fine and vivid, yellow The wood grain is gray, white, and light green, and the color is gorgeous. The texture is rich in wood grain, landscape, bird and animal. Due to the scent of the Qing Dynasty stone carvings and the Liao dynasty carving art, the carving theme is more traditional, and its carving techniques are mostly combined with deep relief and openwork, and wired. Although the carving style has the characteristics of the northern shackles, it absorbs the techniques of end carving and enamel carving. The knives are exquisite and delicate, especially the natural color and texture of the stone, which makes the traditional culture of ç š rich. The production of Benxi pine flower sarcophagus adds a lot of color.

Under such a situation, Benxi Dendrobium can be upgraded by means of the successful imitation of the Imperial Palace Songhua Dendrobium, and it can be developed by leaps and bounds. Although the road still has to go for a while, the answer is yes. The sarcophagus of Benxi will definitely have a "Huashan sword" with China's "four famous stone plaques" in the near future.

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