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FRP composite is the best choice for some equipment in power plants
Flue gas desulfurization is the control of SO2 in today's coal-fired power plants
The main measures of emissions, and wet limestone washing method is the most widely used and most mature process in the world, and it is also the leading process of flue gas desulfurization in thermal power plants in China. Since the desulfurization system contains corrosive substances such as H2SO4, HC1, HF, etc., the pH value can reach 1 and contains about 20% of solid matter, so the selection of desulfurization equipment is very high.
FRP composite material has the advantages of strong chemical corrosion resistance, long service life, light weight, low heat rate, high strength and high thermal stress. It has become a flue gas and spray of flue gas desulfurization and flue gas cooling tower of coal-fired power plants. The best material for equipment such as pipe, demister, and slurry pipe.
Application of flue gas cooling flue of flue gas cooling tower
1. Main features of the exhaust cooling tower
The "smoke tower integration" technology combines a thermal power plant chimney and a natural ventilation cooling tower into one, cancels the chimney, and uses the cooling tower to discharge the flue gas after desulfurization. The cooling tower not only maintains the original circulating water cooling function, but also replaces the clean flue gas after desulfurization by the chimney. The inner diameter of large-diameter, long-span flue and wet chimney used in the exhaust gas cooling tower that is currently being built in China has become a new field of application of FRP composite materials in power plants.
Foreign countries began to study this technology in the 1970s. In August 1982, the Volkingen power station in Germany used the desulfurization flue gas from the cooling tower for practical applications for the first time. After more than 30 years of practice, through continuous testing, research, analysis and improvement, in the desulfurization reform and new thermal power plants in Germany and other countries, the "smoke tower integration" technology has been widely used, becoming a thermal power plant without chimneys.
By using the cooling tower to discharge flue gas, the net flue gas after desulfurization does not need to be reheated, which not only saves the investment of the chimney, but also saves the investment, operation and maintenance cost of the flue gas reheating system. In addition, some power plants around the city can meet special external requirements and environmental requirements by adopting new exhaust technology because the chimney exceeds the limit requirement. These provide a wide application for the “smoke tower integration†technology in China. Development space.
2. Status of foreign smoke exhaust cooling tower technology
At present, more than 30 cooling towers using cooling tower exhaust technology have been built abroad, and the single unit capacity has reached 1000MW.
3. The application of exhaust gas cooling tower in China
In China, Beijing Guodian North China Electric Power Engineering Co., Ltd. and Wuhan University of Technology actively track the technical development of foreign exhaust cooling towers and study the cooling tower exhaust technology for more than 10 years. In particular, in recent years, design institutes, universities, research and production units have cooperated closely, and have carried out independent innovation and technical research work on issues related to cooling tower exhaust technology, and made breakthrough progress.
(1) Huaneng Beijing Gaobeidian Project
At present, the use of cooling tower exhaust technology has been first adopted in the desulfurization renovation project of Beijing Gaobeidian Thermal Power Plant, which was put into operation at the end of September 2006.
(2) China's first self-designed and built “Smoke Tower One†power plant.
The 2×300MW unit of the second phase of Sanhe Power Plant is 120m high, and the exhaust cooling tower with a water shower area of ​​4,500m2 is the first completely self-designed exhaust gas cooling tower of Beijing Guodian Huabei Electric Power Engineering Co., Ltd. The project was put into commercial operation in October 2007. Compared with the conventional chimney emission method, the cooling company saves about 20 million yuan in construction investment; it can save operating costs of 450-7.5 million yuan per year, and the economic benefits are remarkable.
4. Basic conditions for the design of FRP flue of Sanhe Power Plant
This project uses the cooling tower to exhaust smoke, and the flue gas discharge does not set a bypass flue.
Flue design working temperature: -30 ° C ~ 65 ° C.
Normal exhaust gas temperature: about 50 °C.
Flue gas flow rate: ~20m / s.
Flue height: the center elevation of the cooling tower is about 39.0m, about 1% slope to the absorption tower.
The FRP flue structure design has a normal service life of 30 years.
Medium: pH-values ​​up to 1, and containing residual SO2, HCL and Nxx, can cause damage to the inner wall of the pipe.
5. The main raw materials of FRP flue
The corrosion resistance of FRP depends mainly on the resin. With the continuous advancement of synthetic technology, the performance of the resin is also constantly increasing, especially in the 1960s, the vinyl ester resin was born, further improving the corrosion resistance, physical properties and heat resistance of the FRP.
Resin: vinyl ester resin
Reinforced material: ECRCE-GlassofChemié„„calResistance) is chemically resistant to alkali-free glass
Abbreviation. The good acid resistance of ECR ​​glass is derived from its
The glass component does not contain boron trioxide (B2O3), and the Eé„„CR glass has stronger acid resistance and resistance than the E glass.
Alkali, temperature resistance, stress corrosion resistance.
6. Progress of on-site production of FRP flue of Sanhe Power Plant Project
On October 19, 2006, the project began the on-site production of the FRP flue of the exhaust cooling tower. On December 27, 2006, the 3# Tata inner hoisting was successfully completed. On December 29, the 3# Tata outer hoisting was successfully completed. . The production and hoisting of the 3# exhaust smoke cooling tower FRP flue is 72 days. On February 26 and 27, 2007, the inner section of the 4# Tata and the outer section of the tower were respectively hoisted.
7. Preparation process of composite large structure
Application of FRP Chimney Lining
After the wet flue gas desulfurization, due to the huge changes in the composition of the flue gas, the aerodynamic characteristics of the flue gas and the corrosion performance of the chimney have also undergone tremendous changes. Before adopting the wet desulfurization process, although the flue gas contains more sulfur dioxide, the temperature of the flue gas entering the chimney is as high as 130 ° C ~ 180 ° C, which will only produce a small amount of flue gas condensation on the chimney of the chimney. The inner wall causes corrosion problems. However, after the wet desulfurization, the temperature of the flue gas is lowered to 50 ° C to 80 ° C, and the moisture content of the flue gas is high, so that the corrosion rate of the inner wall of the chimney also increases.
In order to solve the serious corrosion problem of the inner wall of the chimney caused by the desulfurization of the wet flue gas, the chimney needs special anti-corrosion treatment. The main anti-corrosion methods are: steel chimney inner wall lining composite titanium alloy plate, acid-resistant cement masonry acid-resistant brick inner tube, steel chimney inner wall paste foam glass brick, steel inner tube brushing vinyl grease glass scale coating and so on.
The anti-corrosion methods of various wet chimneys have some unsatisfactory places in practical applications. For this reason, the method of using FRP monolithic chimney as the lining of wet chimney is proposed. At present, 90% of the chimney lining of American WFGD is made of FRP.
The first project in China to use the integral FRP sleeve—the desulfurization transformation project of the second-stage unit of Huaneng Xindian Power Plant, has an inner diameter of 6.6m and a height of 180m. The basic conditions of its design are:
Basic wind pressure: 0.45kN/m2.
Design seismic intensity: 7 degrees, design basic seismic acceleration value of 0.10g.
Inlet flue gas temperature: desulfurization conditions 45 ° C ~ 50 ° C; no desulfurization conditions 150 ° C, short 160 ° C.
The sulfur content of the designed coal type: 1.32%, and the sulfur content of the checked coal type: 1.82%.
The FRP inner cylinder is designed to last for 35 years.
Prospects for using FRP flue
On May 23, 2007, the State Council issued the “Comprehensive Work Plan for Energy Conservation and Emission Reduction†formulated by the National Development and Reform Commission and relevant departments, and defined the objectives and tasks of achieving energy conservation and emission reduction in China in 2010.
Claim. It is clearly stated that during the “Eleventh Five-Year Plan†period, the total discharge of major pollutants in China will be reduced by 10%. By 2010, the emission of sulfur dioxide will be reduced from 25.49 million tons in 2005 to 22.95 million tons.
At present, sulfur dioxide emissions from coal-fired power plants have reached more than 50% of total emissions.
In order to reduce sulfur dioxide emissions, China will vigorously promote the treatment of sulfur dioxide in coal-fired power plants. During the “Eleventh Five-Year Plan†period, 355 million kilowatts of desulfurization units were put into operation. Among them, the newly-built coal-fired power plants simultaneously put in 167 million kilowatts of desulfurization units, forming a capacity of 5.9 million tons of sulfur dioxide reduction. This year, the existing coal-fired power plants put into operation 35 million kilowatts of desulfurization facilities, forming 1.23 million tons of sulfur dioxide reduction capacity. By 2010, the proportion of the total capacity of coal-fired units will increase from 13.5% in 2005 to around 60%.
At present, the projects under construction in China that use the “smoke tower integration†technology include: 2×300MW units of Datang Harbin Thermal Power Plant, 2×300MW units of Datang Jinzhou Thermal Power Plant, and 2×300MW units of Guodian Tianjin Jinneng Thermal Power Plant.
The project design is underway in China. The projects that intend to adopt the “smoke tower integration†technology include: 2×300MW units of Tianjin Junliangcheng Power Plant and Jiangsu Xuzhou Power Generation Co., Ltd. (2×1000MW) units.
The unit capacity of the engineering unit using cooling tower exhaust in Germany is applicable from 300MW, 500MW, 600MW, 800MW, 900MW to 1000MW. The 2×1120 MW unit under construction will also be completed in 2009.
Research on FRP flue of domestic large units and super large units using cooling tower exhaust technology is also underway. The diameter of the FRP flue will reach 8.5m and the span will reach 50m. The working temperature of the flue will also meet the higher requirements. At the same time, the economics of FRP flue will also be of concern.
Advice on the application of FRP flue
For the application of FRP flue, we must follow the principle of orderly competition. At the same time, we must strictly control raw materials, actively carry out technological innovation, reduce costs, and improve quality and reduce randomness. Relevant departments should also actively formulate relevant standards to ensure civilized production.
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