What should I pay attention to when buying "South African Diamonds"?

On October 7, a 118.28-carat innocent D-color diamond was sold in Hong Kong for HK$239 million (approximately US$30 million), setting a new record for white diamond auctions. Although there is no buyer information published yet, it is widely speculated that it is from China or the Middle East. Previously, some media reported that the 13 million new "Chinese brides" each year promoted China to become the second largest diamond consumer market after the United States. Faced with such a huge market, some foreign Chinese businessmen have started their brains and played the idea of ​​their compatriots.

In the South African Chinese diamond dealers circle, a recent news was that a Chinese businessman was "planted" at the Johannesburg International Airport, and millions of smuggled diamonds were completely confiscated by South African customs. It is said that the Chinese business has been operating diamond business in Johannesburg for many years, mainly to receive domestic tour groups. This time, he was arrested at the South African Customs and unexpectedly shakes the dark scene of the diamond circle: some Chinese businessmen who run diamond business in South Africa have bought low-quality diamonds from Hong Kong, India and other places at low prices. After smuggling back to South Africa, they are sold here. "China's big head." The key is that they also hire local white and black employees, so that Chinese tourists who come to buy diamonds mistakenly believe that the authentic "South African diamonds" are sold here.

This scandal reflects the heavy black curtains of the diamond industry on the one hand and the rigid demand for diamonds by the Chinese on the other hand. It is precisely because of the increasing number of people going abroad to find a drill, so that some foreign Chinese businessmen have started their brains and played the idea of ​​their compatriots.

The largest diamond dealer wants to move out of South Africa

"Diamonds are long-lasting, and one is forever." This is the slogan that De Beers has spread to the world. De Beers, which dominates 40% of the world's diamond mining and trading, is located next door to a Chinese mall called Johor Bahru in Johannesburg, South Africa. Recently, there have been rumors that the harsh security environment, rising labor costs and security costs, and endless mining strikes prompted De Beers to decide to move its headquarters to Gaborone, the capital of neighboring Botswana.

In the 1870s and 1980s, South Africa set off a "diamond fever", and the world's diamond rushers flocked to Kimberley in the Northern Cape region of South Africa. In 1888, South African colonial empire founder Cecil Rhodes merged the two largest diamond mines to form De Beers United Mining Group. In 1929, Ernest Oppenheimer became the chairman of the De Beers Group. He then formed a DTC diamond sales company affiliated with the De Beers Group in London, one hand controlling the mining of rough diamonds, and the other hand worldwide. Internal monopoly diamond sales.

DTC adopts the method of designating a “special contractor” on a global scale. The “seekers” only have the right to decide which piece of rough stone to purchase, and even the “bargaining” qualification is not. Currently, DTC has fewer than 100 sightholders worldwide. In other words, DTC can make it easy for the sightholder to see the rough diamond, and how much is based on its price. With an absolute monopoly, the De Beers Group dominated more than 90% of the world's diamond production during its heyday, and the Oppenheimer family has become one of the 14 most prominent wealth families in the world.

In 2011, the Oppenheimer family announced that it would sell its 40% stake in De Beers Group to Anglo American Group of South Africa for $5.1 billion. Some media said that the Oppenheimer’s monopoly control over De Beers ended. . As everyone knows, South Africa Anglo American is itself founded by Ornest Oppenheimer, and the Oppenheimer family controls a large number of shares of Anglo American. The so-called end of monopoly is actually a trick to the monopolist.

At present, the mining and supply of diamonds around the world is basically controlled by the two giants of De Beers and Russia's Erosa. The oligarchs not only monopolize the wholesale price of the original stone, but also indirectly control the market price by adjusting the supply. For example, DTC has an "International Diamond Quotation" every week, and this quotation has basically become a reference for global diamond sellers.

Many domestic "South African diamonds" are not authentic

Among the Chinese diamond dealers in South Africa, the name “old fee” was widely known. He once worked in the diamond wholesale business in the Joburg Diamond Building for several years, but eventually turned to the country to operate a diamond retail store in Liaoning because he felt that the wholesale profit was too low. “The profit of the diamond wholesale business is less than 5%. Sometimes the price of the customer is too low, and the profit is only maintained at 2% to 3%. Now the demand for the domestic diamond market has increased year by year, and there are many irregularities. The same quality Carat diamonds sell for 450,000 yuan in the South African retail market, but can sell 100,000 yuan in China." When asked why he returned to China to open a diamond store, the "old fee" said on QQ.

The chaos in the domestic diamond market is not only reflected in the price of some sellers, but even the appraisal institutions are dazzling: the national quality jewelry and jade quality supervision and inspection center, the national light industry jewelry jade jewelry quality supervision and inspection center, China gemstone The Association, the All-China Federation of Industry and Commerce Jewelry Chamber of Commerce Jewelry Testing and Research Center, China University of Geosciences Beijing Gedam Testing Center and many other homes. In addition, many provinces and mines also have their own identification centers. In addition, there are two private appraisal centers, which are said to give certificates whenever they pay, and there is no credibility in the industry, but they can fool consumers.

The number of domestic appraisal institutions and the various types of appraisal certificates issued are not up to the credibility of a GIA (American Gemological Institute) certificate. Mr. Wang, who graduated from the EGL (Europe Gemological Institute) South Africa Branch, said that the GIA certificate and the EGL certificate are the two most recognized certificates in the world's diamond industry. GIA has the most stringent identification standards and the highest credibility; EGL The identification criteria are slightly more relaxed. Diamond dealers are most recognized for GIA certificates, followed by EGL certificates. Diamonds with these two types of certificates are often sold at 10% to 20% higher than the same quality diamonds without certificates.

In addition, Mr. Wang pointed out that even the most stringent GIA has different degrees of easing in different branches. He once saw a diamond certified by the GIA Hong Kong branch. He believes that this diamond is also VS1 (diamond clarity grade) according to the EGL identification criteria. It is not expected that GIA Hong Kong issued a certificate but classified it as VVS2. However, he believes that this diamond does not meet the standard of VVS2. GIA is still the case, not to mention the numerous domestic accreditation bodies.

What to pay attention to when buying diamonds

First, for diamonds with a score of 30 or more, it is best to purchase a diamond with a GIA or EGL certificate. Although the price of a diamond with a certificate is a bit more expensive, it is a basic guarantee for ordinary consumers who are not professionally trained.

Second, diamonds have 4C standards, namely Carat, Clarity, Colour, and Cut. Carat is recommended according to the economic strength, the clarity should generally choose SI2 or above, the color should generally choose P color or more, and the cut should choose EX (perfect) or VG (very good).

Third, the price of diamonds has a worldwide guidance price, which is the weekly updated International Diamond Quotation. With reference to this quotation, you can calculate the dollar's retail guide price for the diamond based on the color, clarity and weight of the diamond you want to purchase (where the cut defaults to perfect).

Fourth, the diamond identification certificate will be accompanied by a main map of the location. When purchasing, it is recommended to avoid buying diamonds on the table. The clarity of the diamond is differentiated according to the size of the crucible rather than the position, but the crucible on the countertop has a greater impact on the quality of the diamond than the crucible on the pavilion or waist.

Fifth, the clarity classification of diamonds is done by the appraiser with the naked eye under a magnifying glass of 10 times. For untrained consumers, it may be required to look for the location of the main cockroach under a binocular microscope, in contrast to the ç‘•ç–µ position map on the certificate of identification, to prevent bad merchants from using a certificate of better quality diamonds to sell inferior diamonds.

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